Ghalamzani is the Persian art of metal engraving, where intricate motifs are hand-carved into copper, brass, or silver using fine chisels. Originating in ancient Persia and perfected in Isfahan during the Safavid dynasty, this technique transforms metal into canvas—featuring floral, geometric, and calligraphic designs. Every engraved piece reflects centuries of Iranian craftsmanship, skill, and symbolism.

Khatamkari is a precise Persian marquetry technique that uses thousands of tiny inlaid pieces of wood, bone, and metal to form geometric star patterns. Originating in Shiraz and later refined in Isfahan, it became a symbol of elite craftsmanship during the Safavid period. These ornate surfaces—adorning boxes, frames, and panels—represent a fusion of mathematical beauty and artisan devotion.